A.I. machines do not think! It is critically important for users of A.I. to continually measure the human results of “A.I. based” decisions. Users must be educated to understand A.I. is a tool of humanity, not an oracle of truth. A.I. must be constantly reviewed and reprogrammed based on its positive contribution to society.
Books of Interest Website: chetyarbrough.blog
Prediction Machines (The Simple Economics of Artificial Intelligence)
By: Ajay Agrawal, Joshua Gans, Avi Goldfarb
Narrated By: U Ganser
Authors, from left to right: Ajay Agrawal (Professor at Rotman School of Management @ University of Toronto), Joshua Gans (Chair in Technical Innovation and Entrepreneurship at the Rotman School), Avi Goldfarb (Chair in Artificial Intelligence, Healthcare, and Marketing at the Rotman School).
This is a tedious book about the mechanics of artificial intelligence and how it works, i.e., at least in its early stages of development.
Like in the early days of computer science, the phrase “garbage in, garbage out” comes to mind. “Prediction Machines” makes the point that A.I. is software creation for “…Machines” that are only as predictive as the ability of its programmers. Agrawal, Gans, and Goldfarb give a step-by-step explanation of a programmer’s thought process in creating a predictive machine that does not think but can produce predictions.
The obvious danger of A.I. is that users may believe computers think when in fact they only reproduce what they are programmed to reveal.
They can be horribly wrong based on misrepresentation or misunderstanding of the real world by programmers who are trapped in their own beliefs and prejudices. A. I.’s threat rests in the hands of those who view it as a “god-like” oracle of truth when it is only a tool of human beings.
The horrible and unjust murder of the United Health Care executive reminds one of how critical it is for all business managers to be careful about how A.I. is used and the way it affects its customers.
“Prediction Machines” is a poorly written book that illustrates how a programmer methodically organizes information with decisions and actions triggered by A.I.’ users who believe machines can be programmed to think. A.I. machines do not think!
Managers must be alert and always inspect what they expect.
It is critically important for users of A.I. to continually measure the human results of “A.I. based” decisions. Users must be educated to understand A.I. is a tool of humanity, not an oracle of truth. A.I. must be constantly reviewed and reprogrammed based on its positive contribution to society.
The well-made point of Orlean’s history of the Los Angeles Central Library is that a listener/reader can learn a great deal about the world and other people’s life experience from books. The loss of a book is not like human death, disease, or disability. A book is a liberation and broadening of life’s narrowness.
Books of Interest Website: chetyarbrough.blog
The Library Book
By: Susan Orlean
Narrated By: Susan Orlean
Susan Orlean (Author, American journalist, tv writer, staff writer for The New Yorker.)
“The Library Book” is not a thriller, but it is an appreciation of a public service available in nearly every community of the United States. Libraries can be found in communities of less than 8,000 people or megalopolises of millions. Susan Orlean focuses her book on the great fire in 1986 at the Los Angeles Central Library where over 400,000 books were destroyed, and an estimated 700,000 were damaged. Though this was not the largest library in America, it was the largest library fire in U.S.’ history. Orlean’s research suggests the arsonist was a Wanna-Be actor named Harry Peak. However, there is no concrete evidence to confirm his guilt. No one is convicted for the library’s alleged arson. The cause remains undetermined.
It is interesting to note that Orlean admits there were electrical problems in the old building that had been recorded by building inspectors, but fire inspectors concluded it was arson.
It seems somewhat disingenuous for the City or Orlean to accuse Peak as an arsonist but that is not the primary message of her book. Her message is that many, including this reviewer, love the knowledge and experience of others who write books. Arguably, public libraries are one of the greatest public services in America, and at a cost much less than most public services in America.
The last chapters of her book address the history of the creation and renovation of the Los Angles Central Library. It reaches back to the 19th century. She recalls the liberal leaning of librarians and their early adoption of women in the workplace. Two women became Library’ managers in the 1800s. Orlean notes in a joking conversation with a manager of the library about the unlikely promotion of a political conservative as a head librarian.
An interesting note from the author is that the Los Angeles library has historically been a haven for the homeless, a problem that has dramatically risen in the 21st century. Some librarians have expanded their services to help the homeless. It seems noteworthy that the libraries in Las Vegas and those visited in other cities do not lock their bathroom doors the way private businesses like Starbucks choose to do.
The Los Angeles Library took six years to rebuild while workers carried on during the course of reconstruction. She notes that a new book generally requires a week before it hits the shelf because of time needed for proper cataloging. A somewhat distracting habit Orlean uses is recitation of a book’s Dewey Decimal’ number that begins most of the chapters. An interesting note from the author is that the library has historically been a haven for the homeless, a problem that has dramatically risen in the 21st century. Some librarians have expanded their services to help the homeless. It seems noteworthy that the Los Angeles Central library and libraries in Las Vegas do not lock their doors the way private businesses like Starbucks have chosen to do.
The Los Angeles Library is rebuilt to be better than it was before the fire.
Orlean explains library managers in LA are pushing to expand services their libraries provide. Having personal experience of traveling the world, countries like Finland show they have modernized libraries with a concept highly recommended in Orlean’s history of the Los Angeles’ library. Helsinki, Finland’s state-of-the-art library is a dramatic example of the services a library can provide. Everything from music instrument rentals, to recording studios, to sewing machine tables, and cooking kitchens are added to the library’s book inventory. All of these features have been created in Helsinki’s modernly designed library. It is a multi-purpose building that serves both children and adults.
The well-made point of Orlean’s history of the Los Angeles Central Library is that a listener/reader can learn a great deal about the world and other people’s life experience from books.
The loss of a book is not like human death, disease, or disability. A book is a liberation and broadening of life’s narrowness.
Many of the Los Angeles Library books were recovered but the process of recovery required the help of many of LA’s businesses. The books that got wet needed to be frozen to keep them from molding. City businesses made room for soaked books in their commercial freezers. The Los Angeles Central Library is rebuilt to be better than it was before the fire. Many of the books survived with the feint smell of smoke. The library continues to expand and enlighten Angeleno’s lives.
Trump’s purposefully uninformed knowledge of history will become a greater source of conflict in the world because he has a second term’ understanding of how the American government works and how it can be subverted with loyal followers.
Books of Interest Website: chetyarbrough.blog
Underground Empire (How America Weaponized the World Economy)
By: Henry Farrell, Abraham Newman
Narrated By: L. J. Ganser
Henry Farrell (Professor at Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, editor at the Washington Post.)Abraham L. Newman (Professor, School of Foreign Service and Government Dept. at Georgetown University.)
“Underground Empire” is not a surprising revelation in today’s media-savvy era. Every person in the world is being surveilled by someone because of the power and influence of government. Whether a democracy that believes in freedom or an autocracy that believes in absolute control, Farrell and Newman explain how “Big Brother” is watching and acting in ways that affect your life.
The potential for ubiquitous surveillance was known and wished for by some government bureaucrats. Wide social surveillance was resisted by many in the American government until 9/11. After 9/11 that resistance weakened and surveillance of the world, more fully including American citizens, became indispensable. The creation of an “Underground Empire” has weaponized privacy and the fuel of money that can heat, cool, burn or freeze national economies.
The empire’s objective is to be in charge of the future. One may take issue with the word “…Empire”. The scale of an “Underground Empire” varies from nations like America, China, the UK, the EU, Russia, and others to a group of Al Qaeda’ terrorists, or a disparate group of Syrian freedom fighters. The common denominator is technological connection, i.e. the basis of “Underground…” organization for coordinated action that changes the world.
Ferrell and Newman’s primary focus becomes the use of surveillance to influence world policy.
Particularly, the surveillance of money, the source of power and prestige, is shown by the authors to be key to understanding what other countries and interests are planning and doing that affects society. They speculate that 9/11 could have been exposed before it happened with more surveillance of the money that was being accumulated by Al Qaeda and used by the terrorists who attacked the world trade center in New York. That might be true but there is a wider consequence of that level of surveillance. Surveillance has become a weapon in the hands of political leaders. Surveillance of the flow of money, the source of power and prestige, may make “America Great” as inferred by the pending second term President. The EU, NATO, and other international organizations are looked at differently by Trump than by former post-world war’ Presidents. Trump views the EU and NATO as users of American wealth without equivalent contribution to world defense.
On the one hand, Trump objects to NATO because of its disproportionate financial burden to the United States which pleases Putin and changes the perspective of America’s role in the world. On the other hand, the authors note Trump opposed Putin when it came to the Nord Stream 2 oil pipeline to the E.U. The difference has to do with the Trump’s transactional view of the world. Because of America’s vast gas supplies from fracking, Trump sided with Texas politicians who vociferously objected to the second Nord stream pipeline to Europe.
The “Underground Empire” is not exclusively focused on money, but the use of money is based on knowledge of what people are thinking, doing, and wanting. Accumulating information becomes actionable with money. The inference by the authors is that the government’s decision to track money, as well as private information, informs one of what will happen in the future. The problem with this narrow reasoning is that national interests of countries do not always line up with each other. The formation of the EU with its own currency becomes a competitor for America, not just a useful tool for exchange of goods between nations.
Today’s playing field is not limited to major powers. As the spread of technology is mastered by the public, anyone as small as an interest group or as large as an international alliance can influence and potentially change the world. Farrell and Newman offer important understanding of that invisible war. Obvious examples are 9/11, Ukraine’s invasion, and most recently, the overthrow and exile of Bashar al-Assad in Syria. But they also reveal another front for conflict between the U.S. and countries that have traditionally been allied with America.
Histories carriers of belief in information transparency are people like Edward Snowden, Daniel Ellsberg, Chelsea Manning, Mark Felt, and Reality Winner. Snowden, a former NSA contractor, leaked classified information about global surveillance, Ellsberg exposed the lies of Vietnam, Manning exposed the WikiLeaks, Felt exposed the Watergate scandal, and Winner exposed presidential election interference in 2016. Secrets frequently kill the truth.
Ferrell’s and Newman’s book will make many even more concerned about the Trump presidency. Trump’s purposefully uninformed knowledge of history will become a greater source of conflict in the world because he has a second term’ understanding of how the American government works and how it can be subverted with loyal followers.
To make the point clearer, Trump views the world transactionally. The measure of value is most easily understood as wealth and the influence of money. Appointing wealthy sycophants to the government ensure victimization of the poor.
Freedom, once it is experienced, is an unconquerable force. Conquest of Ukraine, the Baltics, or Taiwan would be a pyric victory at a cost far in excess of a conquerors’ perceived value.
Books of Interest Website: chetyarbrough.blog
The Return of Great Powers (Russia, China, and the Next World War)
By: Jim Sciutto
Narrated By: Jim Sciutto
Jim Sciutto (Former American news anchor for ABC, national security correspondent for CNN, Yale graduate majoring in Chinese history.)
Jim Sciutto has been seen by many on television. One suspects few know he served as the Chief of Staff and Senior Advisor to the U.S. Ambassador to China between 2011 and 2013. His book, “The Return of Great Powers” is interesting but not particularly revelatory. It was written before today’s news of the blows to Iran’s role in the Middle East with the removal of Syria’s brutal leader and Israel’s increased attacks on Hezbollah and Hamas. Tragically, there is always death of innocents in war. The question is whether war is ever worth its cost.
Sciutto certainly has a better grasp of China than most Americans based on his education and experience but his general analysis of the “…Great Powers” and their return is more topical than insightful.
The rise of Putin and Xi have certainly changed the world. Newspapers and television are full of stories about these leaders’ dance around the war in Ukraine. Xi offers moral and financial support to Putin, along with some important weapon components needed by the military, but China limits military equipment and direct munitions provisions for the war. China may benefit from Russia’s Ukraine invasion because of Xi’s expressed interest in acquiring Taiwan but China’s advances have not moved much from where they were before the invasion.
What seems clear today, particularly in Sciutto’s book, is that Putin has made too many mistakes in his invasion of Ukraine.
Putin’s apparent disregard for Russian soldiers’ deaths undoubtedly threatens his influence with many Russian citizens. Some of America’s media suggest Putin is becoming more conscious of his political and personal vulnerability. It is reported by Gleb Karakulov. a Russian engineer and defector who fled to Kazakhstan, that Putin has become paranoid and increasingly isolated.
Sciutto suggests Estonia is on a Putin invasion list once Ukraine has been conquered.
Having recently returned from the Baltics, occupation of Estonia would be a pyric victory for the same reasons as the Ukraine invasion. The hate for Russians one hears from Baltics’ residents (Lithuanian, Estonian, and Latavian) who were under the rule of Russia from 1940s to 1991 is palpable. The jail cells, torture, and murder of Baltic citizens by Russia is detailed by tour guides from each country. The prosperity of the Baltic countries since 1991 is a tribute to freedom that will not be given up easily by its people. At best, Russia may be able to occupy the Baltics, but citizen resistance would far outweigh any value occupation might offer.
Sciutto goes on to imply Taiwan will lose its independence to China.
The picture of death and destruction he outlines with China’s overwhelming military might mitigates against China’s success. Once freedom is experienced, it is like genies in a bottle–difficult to be re-imprisoned. Whether NATO or America will come to Taiwan’s aid is unknown, but like Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and Putin’s interest in the Baltics, the price to be paid is higher than the reward they can expect.
Freedom, once it is experienced, is an unconquerable force. Conquest of Ukraine, the Baltics, or Taiwan would be a pyric victory at a cost far in excess of a conquerors’ perceived value.
Katherine Eban infers the lure of money, power, and prestige, continues to incentivize fudging, if not outright lies, about the effectiveness and safety of generic drugs.
Books of Interest Website: chetyarbrough.blog
Bottle of Lies (The Story of the Generic Drug Boom
By: Katherine Eban
Narrated By: Katherine Eban
Katherine Eban (Author, American investigative journalist focused on public health issues.)
Katherine Eban’s book is tedious, but it tells a story that challenges the generic drug industry and exposes the strength and weakness of capitalism. Eban makes one suspicious of the efficacy of generic drug treatments. Society depends on drug discoveries that can return one to health when struck by known and unknown malefactors. At the same time, Eban indirectly attacks capitalism as a primary force for discovery of life saving drug treatments. Capitalism is motivation for drug manufacturers to discover new drugs, but profit motive and human nature incentivize deception that can harm the public.
America’s police department for the drug industry is the Food and Drug Administration.
The difficulty of a policing function is in human nature and an investigators’ effort to find incriminating evidence that proves guilt. The consequences of poor policing in the generic drug industry are loss of health, and sometimes, life. The FDA is responsible for protecting public health by ensuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary drugs manufactured or imported to the U.S.
Just as every police force is not perfect, the FDA has made mistakes and failed to uncover evidence for crime. There have been instances of drug manufacturers around the world, including America, that have adulterated approved generic drugs. (A U.S. generic drug manufacturer, KVK Research Inc in Pennsylvania, pled guilty in 2024.) Generic manufacturers and distributors around the world have misled the public on the efficacy and/or addictive qualities of drugs. A primary source of generic drug manufacturing crimes is the lure of increased profitability.
Eban focuses on a pandora’s box opened when the world’s generic drug industry began producing substitutes for previously patented drugs.
Patents for new drugs have a determinate shelf life but expire after a stipulated period of time. One can complain and challenge the price of patented drugs, but patented drugs require a level of scientific experiment and reporting to prove efficacy. When patents expire, there is a rush by generic manufacturers to produce the same drug at a lower cost. The trouble arises when a generic drug’s lower cost is achieved with substituted or reduced ingredients; also, it may be adulterated by poor manufacturing practices.
Eban offers the history of the AIDS’ epidemic to illustrate how generic drugs became supercharged in the 1980s.
Three companies in India and one in South Africa began working with the Clinton Foundation to offer an AIDS’ generic drug that fell to a cost of $.40 per day when patented AIDS’ drugs cost as much as $8,000 per year. Millions of people were at risk, none more than those who live in Africa. However, the effectiveness of the generic drug came under suspicion. It was found that data was being falsely created by India and Africa. It was manufactured data that falsely reported generic drugs effectiveness in treating AIDS. The generic African and India manufacturers were cutting corners in production to increase profits. No one checked the effectiveness of the produced drugs and posted false patient reports. Because the data was not based on patient experience but on falsely created data, it became unclear whether the drug was working. Without any reports showing the generic drug’s effectiveness, incentive grew to continue reducing costs. Manufacturers pushed production, compromised AIDS ingredients, and falsely reported treatment results of patients.
Dinesh S. Thakur (Received the Joe A. Callaway award for Civic Courage in 2014.)
Eban explains how Dinesh Thakur. a former executive at Ranbaxy Laboratories, became a whistle blower who “spilled the beans” on falsely created data sent to the FDA.
Thakur was the Director and Global Head of Research information & Portfolio Management at the Ranbaxy company. He began asking questions of the people reporting the generic AIDS Drug efficacy data. Thakur found that 50% to 100% of information on generic AIDS drug’ efficacy was manufactured and not related to actual use by AIDS sufferers. Ranbaxy Laboratories pleaded guilty of falsifying information in 2003. Ranbaxy agreed to pay $500 million to settle their guilty plea.
Despite the Ranbaxy settlement, the author shows generic drug misinformation is still being produced. Further reviews by FDA inspectors found continuing violations of protocol and testing of generic drug manufacturing and reporting.
Ranbaxy is no longer an independent company. It was purchased by Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd in 2014. Eban explains how FDA inspectors fell victim to India manufacturers malfeasance by accepting luxury hotel accommodations and gifts that clouded their judgement about the companies they were investigating. A bad report from an FDA inspector could and did cost millions of dollars to companies that produced tainted generic drugs.
Eban explains the FDA has changed their policy of giving advance notice of inspections while inferring inspectors are advised to avoid conflicts of interest in their inspections. One takes this inference with reservation because human nature is an immutable force.
The incentive for increased profitability by reducing the cost of manufacturing generic drugs continues to threaten the public. Eban infers the lure of money, power, and prestige, continues to incentivize fudging, if not outright lies, about the effectiveness and safety of generic drugs.
Trump’s mass deportation idea is draconian and inhumane. A system of deportation should be organized to repatriate some undocumented immigrants but not to expel them without fair consideration of their circumstances and the needs of the American economy.
Books of Interest Website: chetyarbrough.blog
Real Americans
By: Rachel Khong
Narrated By: Louisa Zhu, Eric Yang, Eunice Wong
Rachel Khong (Author, American editor in San Francisco. Born in Malaysia to a Malaysian Chinese family.)
In a 1931 book, “Epic of America”, James Adams described America as a land where life should be better and richer for everyone, with opportunities for each according to their ability or achievement. This was written in the depths of the depression that began with the stock market crash of 1929. Of course, illegal immigration was nearly impossible in the 1930s, but still–there were 500,000 American immigrant arrivals in the U.S. during that decade. That amounted to 11.6 percent of the U.S. population at that time. Rachel Khong’s vision in “Real Americans” tests the next four years of Trump’s administration.
Khong writes a fictional story of a romantic relationship between an undocumented young Puerto Rican woman who is about to be deported and an equally young South Korean American who is falling in love with her.
Both are well educated by the American education system. The boy is interviewing for entrance to Yale while the girl is meeting an immigration lawyer to see what can be done to avoid deportation. The girl lives with a feckless “Wanna-Be actor” father and driven mother who is struggling to make a living in America. The daughter is shown to be quite intelligent with the ambition to become a data analyst.
Mass deportation without fair consideration of immigrant circumstance and their societal contribution is inhumane and foolish.
The developing affection between these two characters is beautifully created by the author. They are an example of why resident status needs to be treated fairly when immigrants are found to violate the immigration laws of the United States.
The idea that immigrants take jobs away from native American workers is a false flag.
The agricultural industry will be seriously impacted by mass deportation of undocumented labor.
The need for workers in America will continue to grow in the foreseeable future of the largest economy in the world. The demographics of an aging American population (that is not replacing itself) requires immigrants to grow and maintain the economy. The two characters of Khong’s story may not be every immigrant but they show how some are the future of American prosperity. Mass deportation of illegal immigrants will harm the American economy.
Immigrants have played a critical role in what America has become.
Khong is just telling a fictional story about American immigration, but it clearly illustrates how political rhetoric devolved into political lies and misinformation about the value of all human beings. America does have a history of Indian and Black murder and enslavement, but it also has a history that ameliorates discrimination and past misdeeds. One hopes the blunt force of immigrant deportation is not a policy that repeats America’s societal mistakes. American needs a carefully adjudicated immigration policy for the betterment of society.
Today, the total percentage, including 11,000,000 undocumented immigrants, is estimated at 14.3%. In the 1930s, 11.6% of the American population was immigrant. The question is whether the undocumented should be deported, regardless of the contribution they make to American productivity.
An aging population in America is not being replaced by native born Americans. Worker loss of undocumented immigrants may be harmful to American productivity.
Trump and his deportation Czar, Tom Homan.
Trump’s mass deportation idea is draconian and inhumane. A system of deportation should be organized to repatriate some undocumented immigrants but not to expel them without fair consideration of their circumstances and the needs of the American economy.
Khong’s story is entertaining fiction, but Trump’s deportation plan is a threatening work in progress.
The tragedy of cultural conflict fills the pages of Frazer’s history of the Mayflower adventure. Listeners are numbed by the many mistakes made by both Americanized English and indigenous natives in an interminable cultural war, a war that is still being played and paid for today.
Books of Interest Website: chetyarbrough.blog
Hollywood Park: The Mayflower
By: Rebecca Fraser
Narrated By: Kate Reading
Rebecca Fraser (Author, British writer and broadcaster, former president of the Bronte Society.)
In the early years of the 17th century, Puritans fled to America to escape persecution by King James I of England and his mother, Mary Queen of Scots. Though King James was not as much of a doctrinarian as his mother, it was dangerous for non-Catholics to live in England or Scotland. Fraser explains many English Puritans sought refuge in Holland. “The Mayflower” is a history of the first years of the Kingdom of England’s and Scottland’s Puritan settlements in America. Three of the most famous Mayflower’ passengers were William Bradford, Myles Standish, and William Brewster. Both Bradford and Brewster sailed from the Netherlands to England to board the Mayflower. Bradford became the first governor of the Plymouth Colony in America. Myles Standish became the military leader of the settlers. William Brewster was the spiritual leader of Puritan followers.
William Bradford (1590-1657)Myles Standish (1584-1656)William Brewster (1566-1644)
Fraser explains how Standish became important in the Mayflower’s cramped quarters, rough seas, and limited food. Standish maintained a level of discipline while Brewster provided spiritual support to the Pilgrims and non-religious separatists. The author reveals how shoddy the accommodations were on the Mayflower and how poorly prepared the ship was for such a perilous voyage. Provisioning was inadequate and the ship became overloaded when their sister ship had to return to England because of its unseaworthiness. More passengers were added to the Mayflower when the sister ship headed back to England. There were no doctors on board. A baby was born with the help of a mid-wife. Fraser gives one a picture of a two-month voyage that was hellish. Five of 102 passengers died at sea.
Upon arrival, survivors were faced with November winter conditions.
Forty-five of the 102 passengers died from a lack of shelter, poor rationing, and cold temperatures. The Mayflower was used as a shelter for much of the winter. No Native Americans greeted the travelers when they landed. It was March before an English-speaking Native named Samoset from the Wampanoag tribe met and talked to the settlers. Samoset introduced another English-speaking Native named Tisquantum, aka Squanto. Squanto taught the newcomers how to grow corn, catch fish, and find edible plants. Without that help, one doubts even these 57 settlers would have survived.
Fraser reveals the complicated relationship between settlers and indigenous natives.
As Fraser continues her history of America’s newcomers, differences in cultural beliefs, whether religious or secular, show why all nations in the world are challenged by difference.
Two indigenous natives, Samoset and Squanto, opened the door of communication between cultures. Squanto learned English because of his capture by John Smith’s men in 1614-15 with the intent of enslavement. Squanto escapes and returns to his native land. Because he could speak English, despite his kidnapping, he used what he learned to help settlers know how to plant corn, fish, and hunt beaver for survival.
Indigenous native cultures evolve with the influence of the Puritan settlers. They adopt a conception of Kings that rule over others.
Two Indian brothers rose to the level of kings in the Wampanoag tribe of New England. They were the sons of chief Massasoit who saved the pilgrims from starvation by helping them understand how to cultivate the land and fish for survival. As the pilgrims multiplied, human nature led to conflicts between indigenous natives and themselves. Though the initial source of value exchange began as wampum (shell bead), it evolved to printed currency which changed the nature of life, labor, and trade.
Human nature is freighted with the desire for money, power, and prestige.
Those desires lead to conflicts between native cultures and the Pilgrims. The desire for land began to infringe on the culture of native tribes. Soon, these conflicts escalated to war between English settlers and leaders of native tribes. Fraser details the rise of King Alexander and King Phillip of the Wampanoag tribe that began to organize against the settler’s encroachment on native lands. Alexander is killed but his brother becomes a great leader among many indigenous natives and begins what seems an interminable and savage war against the settlers. The savagery on both sides escalates with scalping, dismemberment, and pilloried heads on spikes.
The tragedy of cultural conflict fills the pages of Frazer’s history of the Mayflower adventure. Listeners are numbed by the many mistakes made by both Americanized English and indigenous natives in an interminable cultural war, a war that is still being played and paid for today.
Jollett concludes his memoir by arguing his mother is a narcissist. Who is the narcissist in “Hollywood Park: A Memoir”? Mikel Jollett fails to understand how difficult it is for a single mother to raise children on her own.
Books of Interest Website: chetyarbrough.blog
Hollywood Park: A Memoir
By: Mikel Jollett
Narrated By: Mikel Jollett
Mikel Jollett (Author, American musician, frontman for Airborne Toxic Event.)
Narcissism is an excessive sense of self-importance and a lack of empathy for others. Though Mikel Jollett shows skill as a writer, his assessment of life as a child grown-up exhibits a personal blindness about the hardship of single parents.
Every child has a story. This is a memoir of Mikel Jollet’s life. Jollett’s story is about his family that joined what became a cult in the 1960s. It was called Synanon, a rehab program in Santa Monica, California for addicts that began in the late 1950s. The rehab program evolved into a religious movement. As it became a religious movement, its harsh policies drove some residents to flee. Jollett’s story is about leaving with his mother and brother when he is five years old.
Jollett’s mother leaves the Synanon commune and the father of her children to return to her parent’s house to re-start her and her children’s lives.
To Mikel, leaving was a dramatic break from the Synanon way of life and a father he misses. Jollett’s father was an addict and former convict who lived what seems a vagabond life until he joins Synanon. Mikel’s mother decides to secretly escape with her two boys as the Synanon life became more and more harsh. Despite its growing religiosity and authoritarian milieu, Synanon survives until 1991 when it faces numerous legal issues related to forced sterilizations and violence toward members.
As a single parent, Mikel’s mother struggles to regain an identity and her own life.
Some of the religious teaching at Synanon appears to have remained with her. After living with her mother and father in California, she chooses to move to Salem, Oregon. The move is motivated by the high cost of living in California and a job she finds in Salem. After some time in Salem, she meets a reformed alcoholic who comes to live with her and the boys. Mikel grows to like the reformed alcoholic, but his mother’s new companion falls off the wagon and leaves the boys and their mother. He returns sometime later, only to leave again.
Bonnie who was close to Mikel when they lived in the Synanon community became a companion with Mikel’s father in California.
The boy’s paternal father remains in California and eventually looks up his wife’s children in Oregon. Upon visiting the boys in Salem, he tells them they will be invited to visit him in California, where he lives near the beach. In their first visit they become reacquainted with Bonnie who had been in the Synanon program. Mikel had been emotionally attached to the woman when at Synanon, so he was pleased to see her.
Mikel reminds reader/listeners that many children in America are not raised in “Leave to Beaver” families.
Life is a struggle for most children, even in unbroken families. Being raised in a single parent home, particularly when the single parent is a woman is harder because of societal inequality. Mikel and his brother are boys, so they have better chances for breaking poverty’s cycle, but their mother is faced with greater obstacles. Mikel’s story shows a better chance for success than some children raised by a single parent because of a precocity recognized by the principal at his school in Salem. Precocity is no guarantee of success but being a male and smart are significant advantages.
Mikel and his brother, Tony, had older brother/younger brother conflicts.
Tony, as the older brother, was sometimes cruel or uncaring about his younger sibling. As Mikel grew older, he found ways to punish his older brother for his cruelty. As they matured, they reconciled but both left their mother to live with their father in California. The baggage their mother had from her experience at Synanon, her husband’s abandonment, and the circumstances of poverty became too much for Mikel to understand the trials of being a single mother with two children. Mikel’s judgement is that his mother was too narcissistic.
Sexual inequality are two strikes against women in life. Some women overcome great odds to become economically independent; most do not.
Women struggle with life’s inequality in ways that escape understanding of masculine society, i.e., particularly male children who live with a single mother’s nurturing through the formative years of their lives. Divorced or abandoned mothers often do what they must do to raise children that fathers mostly neglect during the formative years of life. Male parents escape responsibility by leaving their children with mothers. Ex-husbands have the privilege of regaining an independent life in a world that offers better opportunities for men than women. They often re-marry which is what Mikel’s father does.
Jollett concludes his memoir by arguing his mother is a narcissist. Who is the narcissist in “Hollywood Park: A Memoir“? Mikel Jollett fails to understand how difficult it is for a single mother to raise children on her own.
It takes more than ambition to build a successful organization or company. Unless one is a genius who can continually innovate, it takes management structure that encourages others to innovate and work for a common organizational purpose.
Books of Interest Website: chetyarbrough.blog
Bad Blood (Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup)
By: John Carreyrou
Narrated By: Will Damron
John Carreyrou (Author, French-American investigative reporter for the NY Times)
Ambition is the strong desire or drive to achieve something. The public story of Theranos is examined by investigative reporter, John Carreyrou. His subject is Elizabeth Holmes, a bright young woman who drops out of Yale to pursue an idea. Her idea is to create a blood testing system intended to diagnose medical conditions with potential for measuring effectiveness of drug treatment for existing disease. Her ability to sell an idea exceeded her ability to organize a company to create a product that accomplished that end.
STEVE JOBS (1955-2011)MARY BARRA (CEO GM)GINNI ROMETTY (IBM CHAIRMAN)ENTREPRENEUR, START-UP MAVEN FOR ELECTRIC CARS AND SPACE CRAFTS
Most companies or organizations will either fail or stagnate when led by only one innovator. There are exceptions but it requires an extraordinary leader, like a Steve Jobs, Ginni Rometty, Mary Barra, or Elon Musk. Their leadership skills may rub people the wrong way, but they have a superior perception of reality that is not singularly based on loyalty. They have the innate ability to offer enough innovation to grow their companies. (At the risk of offending supporters, loyalty is the threat of Trump’s management style. Trump principally bases his organizational decisions on loyalty.)
Elizabeth Holmes may have had a great idea, but her poor management skills are appallingly revealed in Carreyrou’s interviews with former employees of Theranos.
The only consistent management criteria practiced by Holmes is loyalty. If an employee appears disloyal to her vision of the company, they are fired. Any organization that principally relies on loyalty discourages innovation and becomes entirely dependent on orders of its leadership. Particularly in the tech industry, innovation is critical.
Elizabeth Holmes misled investors, patients, and doctors. She is convicted for fraud and conspiracy in 2022. She is serving an 11-year sentence in a Federal Prison Camp in Bryan, Texas.
Holmes’ ambition, in addition to her prison sentence, led to a $500,000 SEC’ fine and the return of 18.9 million shares of a company that no longer exists. Furthermore, the SEC ordered a ten-year ban on serving as an officer or director of a public company which, of course, becomes moot with her imprisonment. The irony of Carreyrou’s story is that Holme’s idea is presently being pursued by Babson Diagnostics, Stanford Researchers, and Becton Dickinson. Whether she will ever reap any reward from another company’s success seems remote, but it will presumably be based on patents filed, and licensing agreements based on former Theranos patents.
“Sunny” Balwani was also tried and convicted for Theranos’ misdeeds.
The 16th century phrase “birds of a feather flock together” comes to mind when Ramesh “Sunny” Balwani joins Theranos in 2009. He had loaned the company $13 million but he also knew Holmes from her days when she was learning Chinese in a Stanford summer program. At some point they became lovers despite a 19-year age difference. Carreyrou notes Balwani became a multi-millionaire with the sale of his tech company, Commerce One” in 2000. He was convicted of tax evasion for the sale but claimed the evasion was caused by his tax accountant which he sued for recovery for back taxes he had to pay. (There is a settlement amount between the tax accountant and Balwani, but it is not revealed.) Carreyrou explains Balwani was a martinet who brooked little disagreement when he became COO of Theranos in 2009. (Part of Holme’s defense was that Balwani was the principal behind Theranos misdeeds, but the court obviously disagreed.)
In 2022, Balwani was sentenced to 13 years in a federal prison for his involvement in what is characterized as Theranos fraudulent activities.
There are business management lessons in Carreyrou’s book about the misdeeds of Theranos. It takes more than ambition to build a successful organization or company. Unless one is a genius who can continually innovate, it takes management structure that encourages others to innovate and work for a common organizational purpose.
The elephant in this room is damage to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant that is considered among the worst nuclear disasters in history, i.e. right alongside Chernobyl.
Books of Interest Website: chetyarbrough.blog
Ghosts of the Tsunami: Death and Life in Japan’s Disaster Zone
By: Richard Lloyd Parry
Narrated By: Simon Vance
Richard Lloyd Parry (Author, British foreign correspondent, Asia Editor of “The Times of London”.)
In 2011 the 9.0 Tōhoku earthquake and its subsequent tsunami killed over 18,000 people with injuries to an estimated 6,000 more. Over 123,000 homes were destroyed. The estimated cost of the disaster is the equivalent of $220 billion American dollars. Richard Parry explains Japan’s Prime Minister lost his job because of the disaster and influenced the loss of a second Prime Minister’s position. The highest disaster cost in America was Hurricane Katrina at an estimated $125 billion in 2005. No natural disaster in America has caused as many deaths as Japan’s earthquake and tsunami.
Richard Parry offers a primer on what a person should expect when a natural disaster disrupts their lives. Every continent is subject to either natural or manmade cataclysmic events. In terms of the cost of human life and reconstruction, only war exceeds the loss of life that occurred in Japan’s 2011 earthquake and tsunami. Like recent wars in Ukraine and Gaza, the most heartbreaking consequence is the death and crippling of children. Parry explains what happened in a Miyagi Prefecture grade school that exemplifies the social and personal consequence of a natural event that rivals the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Though there are no wandering ant or alligator people from a nuclear bomb blast, there are thousands of Japanese who undoubtedly still suffer from the loss of their children, family, and friends from the 2011 tsunami. It is most clearly evident in Parry’s detailed story of the Okawa elementary school. Many survivors are shown to blame school administrators, and the government for their failure to protect their children. The truth is that every disaster is responded to by imperfect human beings. Blaming someone for the death of innocents is a natural human response to things beyond one’s control. It is simple to look back on a disastrous event and find the mistakes made by those who are the adults in charge. There is a human catharsis in being able to blame someone for the death of a loved one.
Humans will always make mistakes in dealing with disasters because they are human.
The decision by school administrators to not abandon the school for higher ground seems taken out of context. There is snow on the ground, it is cold outside, and the school’s location is approximately 2.5 miles from the sea. To the administrators, it appears protection of the building seemed more important than moving to higher ground, in the cold and snow, a mistake that caused the death of 74 children.
Perry interviews many who survive the disaster. Their stories are heartbreaking. Some parents have never found their children.
An estimated 132 bodies remain unidentified with at least 2 children’s remains are unfound.
The vision of survivors sifting through mud and debris to find layers of children’s bodies stays in one’s mind as they listen to Perry’s book.
The families of 23 children who died at the school were awarded compensation of $12.8 million equivalent U.S. dollars with a judgement saying the school failed to evacuate students to higher ground when the tsunami became knowingly imminent. The decision was based on a loud-speaker government warning for the school to be evacuated. Perry notes there were evacuation plans at the school, but they were inappropriate for a tsunami that requires high ground. The adult teachers were given enough time after the loud speaker noticeto evacuate the children to a nearby hill. They could have survived.
The court’s decision is based on the truck-delivered speaker’ warning that is ignored by the school’s adult supervisors.
Some argue the significance of that ruling in Japan is the mandated creation of disaster-preparedness’ plans for school evacuations in a crisis. This school had a written plan, but it did not properly prepare for the consequence of a tsunami. The final warning is the basis for the three-judge panel’s decision, but the truth is any plan still depends on the judgement of adult school’ supervisors.
The elephant in this room is damage to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant that is considered among the worst nuclear disasters in history, i.e. right alongside Chernobyl.
REVIEWS AND VIEWS OF LIFE 